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Presents, a Life with a Plan. My name is Karen Anastasia Placek, I am the author of this Google Blog. This is the story of my journey, a quest to understanding more than myself. The title of my first blog delivered more than a million views!! The title is its work as "The Secret of the Universe is Choice!; know decision" will be the next global slogan. Placed on T-shirts, Jackets, Sweatshirts, it really doesn't matter, 'cause a picture with my slogan is worth more than a thousand words, it's worth??.......Know Conversation!!!

Thursday, June 29, 2023

Exposure Equipoise

 


To understand that machines are retained to the programming of development the absent is to comprehend N.A.S.A. at the space of exploration.  To engage the word “these” is to bounce at the round and origin more Boudin at the price of The Bahamas.  

A plate to the cookie is to comprehend Cantore arithmetic and the grant that a circle is noted to the space of a square.  

The ocean as a salted offense to the beach of its sand it is the rush schedule to show the wave?  A terraforming grant at atmosphere is the roof of how to relieve an atmosphere to more than an elephant in the room as is an elephant native to Mars?  The mouse in a pocket is still remaining reliance on the machine bringing delivery to that process of the repeated atmosphere style of block to room and lamp to shade.  How than does a terraformer retain the atmosphere as the growth of breadth.

A study to idea is that each planet has format, cave to p.s.i. delivers on Earth the cavern of studied to formulate the idea that a reverse of evaporation that has corresponded ice to suffer can deliver in the reverse the proper atmosphere with the breadth to survive the exposure requiring no more that the deposit of a device to cause the sphere in resolute.

Time in question would deliver the depth to planetary make-up and provide the word of balance to understand the bridge of construction to the land at hand.


Cenote

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The cenote at Hubiku, Yucatan[1]

cenote (English:  /sɪˈnti/ or /sɛˈnt/American Spanish: [seˈnote]) is a natural pit, or sinkhole, resulting from the collapse of limestone bedrock that exposes groundwater. The term originated on the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico, where cenotes were commonly used for water supplies by the ancient Maya, and occasionally for sacrificial offerings. The term derives from a word used by the lowland Yucatec Mayatsʼonoʼot—to refer to any location with accessible groundwater.[2][3]

The Yucatán Peninsula alone has an estimated 10,000 cenotes,[4] water-filled sinkholes naturally formed by the collapse of limestone, located across the Yucatán Peninsula, in Mexico. Some of these cenotes are at risk from the construction of the new tourist Maya Train.[4]

Cenotes are common geological forms in low-altitude regions, particularly on islands, coastlines, and platforms with young post-Paleozoic limestone with little soil development. The term cenote, originally used only to describe the features in Yucatán, has since been applied to similar karst features in other countries such as CubaAustralia, and the United States.

Definition and description[edit]

Cenotes are surface connections to subterranean water bodies.[5] While the best-known cenotes are large open-water pools measuring tens of meters in diameter, such as those at Chichen Itza in Mexico, the greatest number of cenotes are smaller sheltered sites and do not necessarily have any surface exposed water. Some cenotes are only found through small <1 m (3 ft) diameter holes created by tree roots, with human access through enlarged holes, such as the cenotes Cenote Choo-Ha, Tamcach-Ha, and Multum-Ha near Tulum. There are at least 6,000 cenotes in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico.[6][better source needed] Cenote water is often very clear, as the water comes from rain water filtering slowly through the ground, and therefore contains very little suspended particulate matter. The groundwater flow rate within a cenote may be very slow. In many cases, cenotes are areas where sections of the cave roof have collapsed revealing an underlying cave system, and the water flow rates may be much faster: up to 10 kilometers (6 mi) per day.[7]

The Yucatan cenotes attract cavern and cave divers who have documented extensive flooded cave systems, some of which have been explored for lengths of 376 km (234 mi) or more.[8]

Geology and hydrology[edit]

The Samulá Cenote in Valladolid, Yucatán, Mexico

Cenotes are formed by the dissolution of rock and the resulting subsurface void, which may or may not be linked to an active cave system,[clarification needed] and the subsequent structural collapse. Rock that falls into the water below is slowly removed by further dissolution, creating space for more collapse blocks. Likely, the rate of collapse increases during periods when the water table is below the ceiling of the void since the rock ceiling is no longer buoyantly supported by the water in the void.

Cenotes may be fully collapsed, creating an open water pool, or partially collapsed with some portion of a rock overhanging above the water. The stereotypical cenotes often resemble small circular ponds, measuring some tens of meters in diameter with sheer rock walls. Most cenotes, however, require some degree of stooping or crawling to access the water.

Penetration and extent[edit]

Cenote at Bolonchén, Mexico, used as a source of water, painting of 1842 by Frederick Catherwood

In the north and northwest of the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, the cenotes generally overlie vertical voids penetrating 50 to 100 m (160 to 330 ft) below the modern water table. However, very few of these cenotes appear to be connected with horizontally extensive underground river systems, with water flow through them being more likely dominated by aquifer matrix and fracture flows.[7]

In contrast, the cenotes along the Caribbean coast of the Yucatán Peninsula (within the state of Quintana Roo) often provide access to extensive underwater cave systems, such as Sistema Ox Bel HaSistema Sac Actun/Sistema Nohoch Nah Chich and Sistema Dos Ojos.

Freshwater/seawater interface[edit]

The Yucatán Peninsula contains a vast coastal aquifer system, which is typically density-stratified.[7] The infiltrating meteoric water (i.e., rainwater) floats on top of higher-density saline water intruding from the coastal margins. The whole aquifer is therefore an anchialine system (one that is land-locked but connected to an ocean). Where a cenote, or the flooded cave to which it is an opening, provides deep enough access into the aquifer, the interface between the fresh and saline water may be reached. The density interface between the fresh and saline waters is a halocline, which means a sharp change in salt concentration over a small change in depth. Mixing of the fresh and saline water results in a blurry swirling effect caused by refraction between the different densities of fresh and saline waters.

The depth of the halocline is a function of several factors: climate and specifically how much meteoric water recharges the aquifer, hydraulic conductivity of the host rock, distribution and connectivity of existing cave systems, and how effective these are at draining water to the coast, and the distance from the coast. In general, the halocline is deeper further from the coast, and in the Yucatán Peninsula this depth is 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 ft) below the water table at the coast, and 50 to 100 m (160 to 330 ft) below the water table in the middle of the peninsula, with saline water underlying the whole of the peninsula.[7]

cutaway of cenote ik kil, at the bottom there is a pile of debris
Geological cutaway of Cenote Ik Kil

Types[edit]

In 1936, a simple morphometry-based classification system for cenotes was presented.[9]

  • Cenotes-cántaro (Jug or pit cenotes) are those with a surface connection narrower than the diameter of the water body;
  • Cenotes-cilíndricos (Cylinder cenotes) are those with strictly vertical walls;
  • Cenotes-aguadas (Basin cenotes) are those with shallow water basins; and
  • Grutas (Cave cenotes) are those having a horizontal entrance with dry sections.

The classification scheme was based on morphometric observations above the water table, and therefore incompletely reflects the processes by which the cenotes formed and the inherent hydrogeochemical relationship with the underlying flooded cave networks, which were only discovered in the 1980s and later with the initiation of cave diving exploration.[citation needed]

Flora and fauna[edit]

Flora and fauna are generally scarcer than in the open ocean; however, marine animals do thrive in caves. In caverns, one can spot mojarrasmolliesguppiescatfish, small eels and frogs. In the most secluded and darker cenotes, the fauna has evolved to resemble those of many cave-dwelling species. For example, many animals don't have pigmentation and are often blind, so they are equipped with long feelers to find food and make their way around in the dark.[10]

Chicxulub crater[edit]

Radar topography reveals the 180 km (110 mi) ring of the crater; clustered around the crater's trough are numerous sinkholes, suggesting a prehistoric oceanic basin in the depression left by the impact (Image courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech).

Although cenotes are found widely throughout much of the Yucatán Peninsula, a higher-density circular alignment of cenotes overlies the measured rim of the Chicxulub crater. This crater structure, identified from the alignment of cenotes,[11] but also subsequently mapped using geophysical methods (including gravity mapping) and also drilled into with core recovery, has been dated to the boundary between the Cretaceous and Paleogene geologic periods, 66 million years ago. This meteorite impact at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary is therefore associated with the mass extinction of the dinosaurs and is also known as the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.[12]

Archaeology and anthropology[edit]

In 2001–2002 expeditions led by Arturo H. González and Carmen Rojas Sandoval in the Yucatán discovered three human skeletons; one of them, Eve of Naharon, was carbon-dated to be 13,600 years old.[13][14][15] In March 2008, three members of the Proyecto Espeleológico de Tulum and Global Underwater Explorers dive team, Alex Alvarez, Franco Attolini, and Alberto Nava, explored a section of Sistema Aktun Hu (part of Sistema Sac Actun) known as the pit Hoyo Negro.[14][16] At a depth of 57 m (187 ft) the divers located the remains of a mastodon and a human skull (at 43 m [141 ft]) that might be the oldest evidence of human habitation in the region.[14]

The Yucatán Peninsula has almost no rivers and only a few lakes, and those are often marshy.[17] The widely distributed cenotes are the only perennial source of potable water and have long been the principal source of water in much of the region. Major Maya settlements required access to adequate water supplies, and therefore cities, including the famous Chichen Itza, were built around these natural wells. Many cenotes like the Sacred Cenote in Chichen Itza played an important role in Maya rites. The Maya believed that cenotes were portals to Xibalba or the afterlife, and home to the rain god, Chac.[18] The Maya often deposited human remains as well as ceremonial artifacts in these cenotes.

The discovery of golden sacrificial artifacts in some cenotes led to the archaeological exploration of most cenotes in the first part of the 20th century. Edward Herbert Thompson (1857–1935), an American diplomat who had bought the Chichen Itza site, began dredging the Sacred Cenote there in 1904. He discovered human skeletons and sacrificial objects confirming a local legend, the Cult of the Cenote, involving human sacrifice to the rain god Chaac by the ritual casting of victims and objects into the cenote.[19] However, not all cenotes were sites of human sacrifice. The cenote at Punta Laguna has been extensively studied and none of the approximately 120 individuals show signs of sacrifice.[20] The remains of this cultural heritage are protected by the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage.[21]

Scuba diving[edit]

Scuba diving in a cenote

Cenotes have attracted cavern and cave divers, and there are organized efforts to explore and map these underwater systems. They are public or private and sometimes considered "National Natural Parks". Great care should be taken to avoid spoiling this fragile ecosystem when diving. In Mexico, the Quintana Roo Speleological Survey maintains a list of the longest and deepest water-filled and dry caves within the state boundaries. When cavern diving, one must be able to see natural light the entire time that one is exploring the cavern (e.g., Kukulkan cenote near Tulum, Mexico). During a cave dive, one passes the point where daylight can penetrate, and one follows a safety guideline to exit the cave. Things change quite dramatically once moving from a cavern dive into a cave dive. Too many divers, even experienced ones, have died for ignoring safety recommendations.[22]

Contrary to cenote cavern diving, cenote cave diving requires special equipment and training (certification for cave diving). However, both cavern and cave diving require detailed briefings, diving experience, and weight adjustment to freshwater buoyancy. The cenotes are usually filled with rather cool fresh water. Cenote divers must be wary of possible halocline; this produces blurred vision until they reach a more homogeneous area.

Tuesday, June 27, 2023

See The Museum At The Wharf: Believe It Or Not!

 


To be clear is without doubt.  The balance of such is the place to the identity of definition to what is the keel at clear. To get even at odd how many words in arithmetic would add to subtract that value, is this new.  A category unto itself must be established as 3.141 is named at pi.  To engage this at infinities level and the threshold of doors the gate to hinge such magnitude must be open to an opportunity in Cantore arithmetic as the value increased bring physics today to strung.  A capable artist by named numbers to the paint and brush to what is the lean as the tumbler cannot value to what is in the frame of thought to the gauge required for this mountainous, voracious bridge to toll the bell at even rung.

To doubt is subject to matter at dimension of thought and this must remain in division as the planets are able to be dimensional leaving the equator as the tap.


Monday, June 19, 2023

Oviparity

 


The idea of the chicken before the egg:  A concept.  This basis to the story is a question that has offered to many people the discussion or frustration as the answer is given to understanding at hand.  As the comprehension for Cantore arithmetic the understanding shall stand an interesting correspondence to the effort of what is looking back and at a perfect forward position to stand the observation as a basis to terraforming.

The executive mass to what is the hatch shall become the egg to the shell as the Chicken farmer may perhaps be able to offer more to the terraforming of a sun and a moon at the very least.  To expand this to further expansion is to use the cosmic photograph to perhaps place a template to the growth and task of the same.

As the laying and incubation are of substance by many egg laying species the cosmic reach may be worth the word to identify the reality at the formula created by Albert Einstein:  The Black hole.

Chicken or the egg

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Illustration from Tacuina sanitatis, 14th century

The chicken or the egg causality dilemma is commonly stated as the question, "which came first: the chicken or the egg?" The dilemma stems from the observation that all chickens hatch from eggs and all chicken eggs are laid by chickens. "Chicken-and-egg" is a metaphoric adjective describing situations where it is not clear which of two events should be considered the cause and which should be considered the effect, to express a scenario of infinite regress, or to express the difficulty of sequencing actions where each seems to depend on others being done first. Plutarchposed the question as a philosophical matter in his essay "The Symposiacs", written in the 1st century CE.[1][2]

Ancient legacy

The question represents an ancient folk paradox addressing the problem of origins and first cause.[3] Aristotle, writing in the fourth century BCE, concluded that this was an infinite sequence, with no true origin.[3] Plutarch, writing four centuries later, specifically highlighted this question as bearing on a "great and weighty problem (whether the world had a beginning)".[4] In the fifth century CE, Macrobius wrote that while the question seemed trivial, it "should be regarded as one of importance".[4]

By the end of the 16th century, the well-known question seemed to have been regarded as settled in the Christian world, based on the origin story of the Bible. In describing the creation of animals, it allows for a first chicken that did not come from an egg. However, later enlightenment philosophers began to question this solution.[4] Carlo Dati in the mid 17th-century published an erudite satire on the subject.[5]

Scientific resolutions

Although the question is typically used metaphorically, evolutionary biology provides literal answers, made possible by the Darwinian principle that species evolve over time, and thus that chickens had ancestors that were not chickens,[4] similar to a view expressed by the Greek philosopher Anaximander when addressing the paradox.[3]

If the question refers to eggs in general, the egg came first. The first amniote egg—that is, a hard-shelled egg that could be laid on land, rather than remaining in water like the eggs of fish or amphibians—appeared around 312 million years ago.[6] In contrast, chickens are domesticated descendants of red junglefowl and probably arose little more than eight thousand years ago, at most.[7]

If the question refers to chicken eggs specifically, the answer is still the egg, but the explanation is more complicated.[8] The process by which the chicken arose through the interbreeding and domestication of multiple species of wild jungle fowl is poorly understood, and the point at which this evolving organism became a chicken is a somewhat arbitrary distinction. Whatever criteria one chooses, an animal nearly identical to the modern chicken (i.e., a proto-chicken) laid a fertilized egg that had DNA making it a modern chicken due to mutations in the mother's ovum, the father's sperm, or the fertilised zygote.[9][4][10][11]

It has been suggested that the actions of a protein found in modern chicken eggs may make the answer different.[10][11] In the uterus, chickens produce ovocleidin-17 (OC-17), which causes the formation of the thickened calcium carbonate shell around their eggs. Because OC-17 is expressed by the hen and not the egg, the bird in which the protein first arose, though having hatched from a non-reinforced egg, would then have laid the first egg having such a reinforced shell: the chicken would have preceded this first 'modern' chicken egg.[10][11] However, the presence of OC-17 or a homolog in other species, such as turkeys[12] and finches[13] suggests that such eggshell-reinforcing proteins are common to all birds,[14] and thus long predate the first chickens.


An Independent Mind, Knot Logic

An Independent Mind, Knot Logic

This is word Difficult as it word Tries time[Time[Thyme] equated word Plant

  File:Statue of a Toga-clad Roman Dignitary - Archaeological Museum of Epidaurus by Joy of Museums.jpg:   : Original file   (2,664 × 5,081 ...

Karen A. Placek, aka Karen Placek, K.A.P., KAP

My photo
Presents, a Life with a Plan. My name is Karen Anastasia Placek, I am the author of this Google Blog. This is the story of my journey, a quest to understanding more than myself. The title of my first blog delivered more than a million views!! The title is its work as "The Secret of the Universe is Choice!; know decision" will be the next global slogan. Placed on T-shirts, Jackets, Sweatshirts, it really doesn't matter, 'cause a picture with my slogan is worth more than a thousand words, it's worth??.......Know Conversation!!!

Know Decision of the Public: Popular Posts!!